COMPUTER NETWORK

Before learning about the computer networks, we will learn about the communication, its history, and some more.

COMMUNICATION

Communication among individuals is not only face-to-face but, it also involves sharing lots of information. Devices that we use to talk, or to send message from one person to another are the different modes of  communication that we us ein our daily life.

HISTORY

History of communication is started with carrier pigeons, horsemen and then letters and telegrams being used for sending messages. Gradually, with the changing time, telephones came into existence. They were very easy to used and also connected us to far off distant location within no time, since telephones were static so mobile phones were invented and came into existence.

SENDING DATA

Computers have not only simplified but also made the complex mathematical or scientific calculations possible. As we all know, each computer has its own keyboard, mouse, scanner and printer also called peripheral devices. If two or more people wish to share the data or information they have to move around with Pen drives. CD's, DVD's etc. However, the need of sending and receiving more and more information among individuals/organisations on the click of a mouse has given to the Computer Networks.

COMPUTER NETWORKS

A computer network is a collection of two or more computers connected together in order to communicate and share the data and information.

Sharing of resources is very common in our day to day life and we all share some or the other resources almost every day. Similarly, we share computer resources such as files saved on the computer, scanners and printers etc. These resources are shared using computer networks.

Usually, the connections between computers in a network are made using physical wires or cables.

However, some connections are wireless, using radio waves or infrared signals.

When we connect two or more computers together we get a Network. On this network a central computer (server), acts as the storage location for files and applications that are shared on the network. Servers store and send data to other computers and also control the network access of the other computers which are referred to as the 'client' computers. Clients are computers that receive and use data from servers.

IN ORDER TO ESTABLISH OR TO CONNECT VARIOUS NETWORKS DEVICES THROUGH NETWORK WE REQUIRE,

1.Cables to connect the computers and other peripheral devices to each other.

CABLE

2. Network interface device which is required on each computer, also called a network interface card or NIC. This card or device connects the computer to the special device called switch, which in turn links all of the computers on the network together. Each computer on a network must have this network card.

NIC

3. A switch is used to connect multiple devices (such as computers, printers, scanners etc.) which need to be connected to each other in a network. A switch can thus connect computers, printers and server, creating a network of shared resources.

Switch which is used to connect multiple devices.

4. A Modem is a hardware device which means modulator - demodulator. Modems are used for data transfer from one computer network to another computer network through telephone lines. The computer network works in digital mode, while analog technology is used for carrying messages across phone lines. The Modulator converts information from digital mode to analog mode at the transmitting end and demodulator converts the same from analog to digital at receiving end.

MODEM

5. Another device most commonly used in networking is a ROUTER which is used to tie or join multiple networks together. For example, we would use a router to connect our networked computers (computers which are already connected to one another by a network) to the internet and thereby share an internet connection among many users. The router will act as a courier, choosing the best route for your information to travel so that you receive it quickly.

ROUTER WHICH IS USED TO JOIN MULTIPLE NETWORKS TOGETHER.

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COMPUTER NETWORK(WIRED NETWORK TECHNOLOGY)